¡ÖƬ¤Î¤¤¤¤»Ò¡×¤Ë°é¤Æ¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î¤«¡£ÍÄ»ù¸þ¤±²Ê³Ø³¨ËÜ¡Ø¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤«¤¬¤¯ for babies¡Ù¤ÎËÝÌõ¤ò¼ê³Ý¤±¤¿¡¢NASA¥¸¥§¥Ã¥È¿ä¿Ê¸¦µæ½êµ»½Ñ¼Ô¤Î¾®Ìî²í͵¤µ¤ó¤Ï¡Ö²Ê³ØŪ¤Ë¾ÚÌÀ¤µ¤ì¤¿ºÇ¤â¸ú²ÌŪ¤Ê¶µ°éË¡¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È¤Ï¡¢»Ò¶¡¤Ë¸þ¤±¤ÆÏä·¤«¤±¤é¤ì¤¿¡Ø¸ÀÍÕ¤ÎÎÌ¡Ù¤À¡×¤È¤¤¤¦¡½¡½¡£
¼Ì¿¿¡áiStock.com¡¿yamasan
¢¨¼Ì¿¿¤Ï¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤Ç¤¹ - ¼Ì¿¿¡áiStock.com¡¿yamasan

¢£»Ò¤É¤â¤ÎƬ¤ÎÎɤµ¤Ï¡Ö¿Æ¤Î·ÐºÑÎϡפÀ¤±¤Ç·è¤Þ¤ë¤Î¤«

1989ǯ¤Ë¥Í¥¤¥Á¥ã¡¼»ï¤Ë·ÇºÜ¤µ¤ì¤¿¡¢¿Æ¤Î·ÐºÑÎϤȻҤɤâ¤ÎÃÎǽ¤Î´Ø·¸¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¶½Ì£¿¼¤¤¸¦µæ¤¬¤¢¤ë¡Î1¡Ï¡£

38¿Í¤ÎÍܻҤȤ·¤Æ°é¤Ã¤¿»Ò¤É¤â¤ò¼¡¤Î4¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËʬÎष¡¢16ºÐ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿»þÅÀ¤ÇIQ¤òÈæ³Ó¤·¤¿¡£È︳¼Ô¤ËÍܻҤòÁª¤ó¤ÀÍýͳ¤ÏÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¤È°é¤Á¤Î±Æ¶Á¤òʬΥ¤·¤Æ¸¡¾Ú¤Ç¤­¤ë¤«¤é¤À¡£

­¡ Ä㤤¼Ò²ñŪ¡¦·ÐºÑŪ¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¡ÊSES¡Ë¤Î²ÈÄí¤ËÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¢ÄãSES²ÈÄí¤ÎÍܻҤˤʤä¿»Ò¡Ên¡á10¡§n¤Ï¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë¿ô¡Ë
­¢ ÄãSES²ÈÄí¤ËÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¢¹âSES²ÈÄí¤ÎÍܻҤˤʤä¿»Ò¡Ên¡á10¡Ë
­£ ¹âSES²ÈÄí¤ËÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¢ÄãSES²ÈÄí¤ÎÍܻҤˤʤä¿»Ò¡Ên¡á8¡Ë
­¤ ¹âSES²ÈÄí¤ËÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¢¹âSES²ÈÄí¤ÎÍܻҤˤʤä¿»Ò¡Ên¡á10¡Ë

¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¤¬¿Þɽ1¤À¡£

­¤¹âSES²ÈÄíÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¦¹âSES²ÈÄí°é¤Á¤Î»Ò¤Ï¡¢­¡ÄãSES²ÈÄíÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¦ÄãSES²ÈÄí°é¤Á¤Î»Ò¤ËÈæ¤Ù¤ÆIQ¤¬Ê¿¶Ñ¤·¤Æ27¹â¤¤¡£IQ¤Ïɸ½àÊк¹¤¬15¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤è¤¦¤ËÄ´À°¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤é¡¢¤³¤ÎÆó¤Ä¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×´Ö¤Ç¤Ï¼Â¤Ëɸ½àÊк¹¤Î2Çܤâ¤Îº¹¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

»Ä¹ó¤Ê¸½¼Â¤È¸À¤¦Â¾¤Ê¤¤¡£Â¯¤Ë¸À¤¦¡Ö¿Æ¥¬¥Á¥ã¡×¤Ï¼Âºß¤¹¤ë¤Î¤À¡£

¢£ÀèŷŪÍ×°ø¤È¸åŷŪÍ×°ø¤¬¤ª¤è¤½È¾¡¹

¤³¤Î¸¦µæ¤ÇÃíÌܤ¹¤Ù¤­¤Ï­¢ÄãSES²ÈÄíÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¦¹âSES²ÈÄí°é¤Á¤Î»Ò¤È­£¹âSES²ÈÄíÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡¦ÄãSES²ÈÄí°é¤Á¤Î»Ò¤Î·ë²Ì¤À¡£

ξ¼Ô¤Ï¤¢¤Þ¤êº¹¤¬¤Ê¤¯¡¢¤½¤ÎÊ¿¶ÑIQ¤Ï¤Á¤ç¤¦¤É­¡¤È­¤¤ÎÃæ´Ö¤¯¤é¤¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

¤³¤Î¸¦µæ¤«¤é¤â¡ÖIQ¤ÏÀèŷŪÍ×°ø¤È¸åŷŪÍ×°ø¤¬¤ª¤è¤½È¾¡¹¡×¤È¤¤¤¦·ëÏÀ¤¬ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£¤·¤«¤·¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ïɬ¤º¤·¤âÈá´ÑŪ¤Ê·ë²Ì¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

¤Ê¤¼¤Ê¤éȾʬ¤Ï°é¤ÆÊý¼¡Âè¤ÇÊѤ¨¤é¤ì¤ë¤«¤é¤À¡£

¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤É¤¦¤·¤Æ¹â¼ýÆþ²ÈÄí¤Ç°é¤Ã¤¿»Ò¤ÏI Q¤¬¹â¤¯¤Ê¤ë·¹¸þ¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡© ¤ä¤Ï¤ê¡¢¤ª¶â¤ò¤«¤±¤¿ÍÄ»ù±ÑºÍ¶µ°é¤Î¸ú²Ì¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡©

¤³¤ì¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤âϯÊ󤬤¢¤ë¡£²ÈÄí´Ä¶­¤ÈIQ¤ÎÁê´Ø¤Î¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â°ìÉô¤Ï´ÖÀÜŪÍ×°ø¤Ë¤è¤ë¤â¤Î¤é¤·¤¤¡£¤½¤·¤Æ¤½¤ÎÃæ´ÖÍ×°ø¤ÏÁ´¤¯¤ª¶â¤¬¤«¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤À¤Ã¤¿¡£¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢ÍµÊ¡¤Ç¤Ê¤¤²ÈÄí¤Ç¤â¡¢¤½¤ÎÃæ´ÖÍ×°ø¤ò²þÁ±¤¹¤ì¤Ð»Ò¶¡¤ÎÃÎǽ¤Ë¥Ý¥¸¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ê±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¡£

¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ÎÃæ´ÖÍ×°ø¤È¤Ï¤Ê¤ó¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡£¤½¤ì¤ò²òÌÀ¤·¤¿¸¦µæ¤ò¡¢¼¡¤Ë¾Ò²ð¤·¤è¤¦¡£

¢£²ÈÄí´Ä¶­¤È»Ò¤É¤â¤ÎÃÎǽ¤Î¡È°Õ³°¤Ê´Ø·¸¡É

²ÈÄí´Ä¶­¤ÈÃÎǽȯã¡Ê¤È¤ê¤ï¤±¸À¸ìǽÎϡˤÎÁê´Ø¤Î¸¶°ø¤òÆͤ­»ß¤á¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢¥«¥ó¥¶¥¹½£¤ÎBetty Hart¤ÈTodd Risley¤ÏÈó¾ï¤ËÃÏÆ»¤Ê¸¦µæ¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¡Î2¡Ï¡£

Èà¤é¤Ï¤Þ¤º¡¢7¥«·î¤«¤é9¥«·î¤ÎÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤¬¤¤¤ë42¤Î²ÈÄí¤ËĹ´ü´Ö¤ËµÚ¤Ö¸¦µæ¤Ø¤Î¶¨ÎϤò¼è¤êÉÕ¤±¤¿¡£¤½¤·¤ÆÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤¬3ºÐ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤Î2ǯȾ¡¢Ëè·î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î²ÈÄí¤òˬ¤ì¤Æ¿Æ»Ò¤Î²ñÏäò1»þ´ÖÏ¿²»¤·¡¢°ì¸À°ì¶ç¤òʸ»ú¤Ëµ¯¤³¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ã¤¿¡£

¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë¤Ë¤Ï13¤Î¹âSES²ÈÄí¡ÊÂç³Ø¶µ¼ø¤Ê¤É¡Ë¡¢23¤Î°ìÈÌϫƯ¼Ô²ÈÄí¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó6¤ÎÀ¸³èÊݸî¤ò¼õ¤±¤ë²ÈÄí¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£

¼Ò²ñŪ¡¦·ÐºÑŪ¾õ¶·¤Ë´Ø¤ï¤é¤º¡¢ÂоݤȤʤ俤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î²ÈÄí¤Ç»Ò¤Ï°¦¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£¼Â¤Ë1318»þ´Ö¤Ë¤âµÚ¤Ö²ñÏõ­Ï¿¤òÅý·×Ū¤ËʬÀϤ·¤¿·ë²Ì¡¢Í½ÁÛ³°¤Î»ö¼Â¤¬É⤫¤Ó¾å¤¬¤Ã¤¿¡£

¹âSES²ÈÄí¤ÈÄãSES²ÈÄí¤ÇºÇ¤â¸²Ãø¤Êº¹¤Ï¡¢¿Æ¤¬»Ò¤ËÏä·¤«¤±¤ë¡ÖÎ̡פÀ¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤À¡£

Ä´ºº´ü´ÖÃæ¡¢¹âSES²ÈÄí¤Î¿Æ¤Ï1»þ´Ö¤ËÊ¿¶Ñ¤·¤Æ487¸ì¤ÎȯÏäò¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢ÄãSES²ÈÄí¤ÏÊ¿¶Ñ¤·¤Æ176¸ì¤Ë¤È¤É¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¡£¤¸¤Ä¤Ë3Çܤκ¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¤ÏÇ¡¼Â¤Ë¸½¤ì¤¿¡£

»Ò¤¬3ºÐ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿»þÅÀ¤Ç¡¢¹âSES²ÈÄí¤Î»Ò¤ÏÊ¿¶Ñ¤·¤Æ1»þ´Ö¤Ë310¸ì¤ÎȯÏäò¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢ÄãSES²ÈÄí¤Î»Ò¤ÏÌóȾʬ¤Î168¸ì¤Ë¡£¸ì×ÃÎϤò¬¤ë¤È¡¢Á°¼Ô¤Î»Ò¤Ï1116¸ì¡¢¸å¼Ô¤Ï¤ä¤Ï¤êÌóȾʬ¤Î525¸ì¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¡£

¼Ì¿¿¡áiStock.com¡¿monzenmachi
¢¨¼Ì¿¿¤Ï¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤Ç¤¹ - ¼Ì¿¿¡áiStock.com¡¿monzenmachi

¢£»Ò¤É¤â¤ÎÃÎǽ¤ËÂ礭¤Ê±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¡Ö»°ÀéËü¸ì¤ÎÊÉ¡×

¤µ¤é¤Ë¸¦µæ¼Ô¤Ï»Ò¤É¤â¤¬¾®³Ø3ǯÀ¸¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿»þÅÀ¤ÇÄɲäÎÄ´ºº¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¡£

¤¹¤ë¤È3ºÐ¤Î»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Î¸ì×ÃÎϤȡ¢¾®³Ø3ǯÀ¸¤Î»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Î¸À¸ìǽÎϥƥ¹¥È¤Î¥¹¥³¥¢¤Î´Ö¤ËÌÀ³Î¤ÊÁê´Ø¡Êr¡á0.57¡Ý0.72¡Ë¤¬¸«¤é¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

¤Ê¤¼ÍµÊ¡¤Ê¿Æ¤Î¤Û¤¦¤¬ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤ËÏä·¤«¤±¤ëÎ̤¬°µÅÝŪ¤Ë¿¤¤¤«¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¸¦µæ¤ÏÅú¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£¤â¤·¤«¤·¤¿¤é¥³¥ß¥å¥Ë¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤ËŤ±¤¿¿Í¤Û¤É¹â¼ýÆþ¤òÆÀ¤ä¤¹¤¤¡¢¤Ê¤É¤Î¼Ò²ñŪÇطʤ⤢¤ë¤Î¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

¤À¤¬»ö¼Â¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤¬Ê¹¤¯¸ÀÍÕ¤ÎÎ̤ϲÈÄí¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ1»þ´Ö¤Ë300¸ì¤â¤Îº¹¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤«¤é³°ÁÞ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢3ºÐ¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë»°ÀéËü¸ì¤â¤Îº¹¤¬À¸¤¸¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£Hart¤ÈRisley¤Ï¤³¤ì¤ò¡È30 million word gap¡É¡Ê»°ÀéËü¸ì¤Îº¹¡Ë¤È¸Æ¤ó¤À¡£

ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤¬¤Þ¤ÀÃý¤ì¤Ê¤¤º¢¤«¤éÍá¤Ó¤ë¿ôÀéËü¸ì¤Î¸ÀÍդΥ·¥ã¥ï¡¼¡£¤³¤ì¤³¤½¤¬»Ò¤É¤â¤ÎĹ´üŪ¤ÊÃÎǽ¤Îȯã¤ËÈó¾ï¤Ë½ÅÍפʥե¡¥¯¥¿¡¼¤À¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

µÕ¤ËÍÄ»ù¤Î¤¦¤Á¤«¤é½Î¤Ë¹Ô¤«¤»Æɤ߽ñ¤­¤ä¿ô¤¨Êý¤òµÍ¤á¹þ¤à¤è¤¦¤Ê¡¢¤¤¤ï¤æ¤ë¡Ö±ÑºÍ¶µ°é¡×¤¬Ä¹´ü´Ö¤Ë¤ï¤¿¤Ã¤ÆÍ­±×¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦³Î¤¿¤ë¾Úµò¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡Î3¡Ï¡£

¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¹â¤¤¤ª¶â¤òʧ¤¦±ÑºÍ¶µ°é¤À¤±¤¬°ÕÌ£¤Î¤¢¤ëÍÄ»ù¶µ°é¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤À¡£»Ò¤É¤â¤È¸þ¤­¹ç¤¤¡¢¤¿¤¯¤µ¤óÏä·¤«¤±¤ë¡£¤³¤ì¤À¤±¤Ç»Ò¤É¤â¤Î¾­Íè¤Ë¥Ý¥¸¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ê±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¡£Ã¯¤Ë¤Ç¤â¤Ç¤­¤ë¤·¡¢1±ß¤â¤«¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

¢£¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤äYouTube¤Ï¿Æ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤ì¤Ê¤¤

¤½¤¦¤Ï¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤â¸½Âå¤Î¿Æ¤ÏË»¤·¤¤¤«¤é¡¢»ÍÏ»»þÃæÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤ËÏä·¤«¤±¤ë¤³¤È¤Ê¤ó¤Æ¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤À¤í¤¦¡£

¤â¤·Ã±½ã¤Ë¡Ö¸ÀÍդΥ·¥ã¥ï¡¼¡×¤¬½ÅÍפʤ顢»Ò¤É¤â¤Ë¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤äYouTube¤ò¸«¤»¤Æ¤ª¤±¤Ð¤¤¤¤¡£¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¡¢ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤Î²£¤ÇZoom¥ß¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¤ò¤·¤Æ²ñÏäòʹ¤«¤»¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤È»×¤¦¤À¤í¤¦¡£

¤·¤«¤·»ÄÇ°¤Ê¤¬¤é¡¢»Ò¤É¤â¤ÎǾ¤Ï¤½¤¦ÊØÍø¤Ë¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤À¡£

¤¢¤ë»þ´ü¡¢Ä°³Ð¾ã³²¼Ô¤Î¿Æ¤Ï¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Ã¤Ñ¤Ê¤·¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¿ä¾©¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£¤·¤«¤·¤½¤Î¸å¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ç¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ï»Ò¤É¤â¤Î¸À¸ìǽÎϤÎȯã¤Ë´óÍ¿¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤¬Ê¬¤«¤Ã¤¿¡Î4¡Ï¡£

¤Þ¤¿Ê̤覵æ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¶µ°éÈÖÁȤΡ֥»¥µ¥ß¡¦¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥È¡×¤ò18¥«·î°Ê²¼¤ÎÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤Ë¸«¤»¤¿¤È¤³¤íÃÎǽȯã¤Ë¥Í¥¬¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¼¨º¶¤µ¤ì¤¿¡Î5¡Ï¡£ÈÖÁȤ¬Í­³²¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¿Æ¤¬ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤ËÏä·¤«¤±¤ëµ¡²ñ¤¬¸º¤Ã¤¿¤È¤¤¤¦¤Î¤¬°ì¤Ä¤Î²ò¼á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

°ìÊý¤Ç¡¢Ïä·¤«¤±¤ë¿Í¤Ï¿Æ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¤â¤¤¤¤¤è¤¦¤À¡£ÊÝÊ줵¤ó¤äÊÝ°é»Î¤Ç¤âƱÍͤθú²Ì¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£

Âç»ö¤Ê¤Î¤Ï¡¢ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤Î¼ª¤ËÆþ¤ë¸ÀÍÕ¤ÎÎ̤ǤϤʤ¯¡¢À¸¿È¤Î¿Í´Ö¤¬ÀÖ¤Á¤ã¤ó¤Ë¸þ¤±¤ÆÏä·¤«¤±¤é¤ì¤ë¸ÀÍÕ¤ÎÎ̤ʤΤǤ¢¤ë¡£

ËͤâË»¤·¤¤»þ¤Ï¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤ä¥²¡¼¥à¤Ë»Ò¼é¤ê¤òǤ¤»¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ç¤Ï¿Æ»Ò¤Î²ñÏ䬸º¤ë¤Î¤ß¤À¡£»Ò¤É¤â¤È°ì½ï¤Ë²ñÏäò¤·¤Ê¤¬¤é¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤ò¸«¤¿¤ê¥²¡¼¥à¤ÇÍ·¤ó¤À¤ê¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

¼Ì¿¿¡áiStock.com¡¿kokoroyuki
¢¨¼Ì¿¿¤Ï¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤Ç¤¹ - ¼Ì¿¿¡áiStock.com¡¿kokoroyuki

¤Á¤Ê¤ß¤Ë¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤ä¥²¡¼¥à¤¬»Ò¤É¤â¤Îȯ°é¤Ë¤É¤¦±Æ¶Á¤¹¤ë¤«¤Ï¡¢Â¿¤¯¤Î¿Æ¤¬µ¤¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¤³¤í¤À¤í¤¦¡£¤³¤ì¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤â¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤ÊÌ̤˥¹¥Ý¥Ã¥È¥é¥¤¥È¤òÅö¤Æ¤¿¿ô¸Â¤ê¤Ê¤¤¸¦µæ¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢·ë²Ì¤Ï¤Þ¤Á¤Þ¤Á¤À¡£

¥Ý¥¸¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ê¸ú²Ì¤â¥Í¥¬¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ê¸ú²Ì¤â¿¿ôÊó¹ð¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£Íפϰ쳵¤Ë±×¤«³²¤«¤È¸À¤¨¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡ÖÎɤ¤Ì̤⤢¤ì¤Ð°­¤¤Ì̤⤢¤ë¡×¤Î¤À¤í¤¦¡£

¢£¡ÖºÇ¶¯¤ÎÍÄ»ù¶µ°é¶µºà¡×¤Ï³¨ËܤÎÆɤßʹ¤«¤»

°ìÊý¡¢¤Û¤Ü¤¢¤é¤æ¤ë¸¦µæ¤ÇÃÎǽȯã¤Ë¥Ý¥¸¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ê¸ú²Ì¤¬Î©¾Ú¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡Ö¶µºà¡×¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£¤½¤ì¤Ï¥²¡¼¥à¤è¤ê¤â¤Ï¤ë¤«¤Ë°Â¤¯¡¢¾ì½ê¤òÁª¤Ð¤º¡¢Ã¯¤Ë¤Ç¤â¼ê¤ËÆþ¤ë¡£³¨ËܤǤ¢¤ë¡£

Î㤨¤Ð¤³¤ó¤Ê¸¦µæ·ë²Ì¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£41ÁȤÎ2ºÐ»ù¤ÈÊì¿Æ¤ËÂФ·¡¢Æɤßʹ¤«¤»¤ò»Ï¤á¤¿Ç¯Îð¡¢Æɤßʹ¤«¤»¤ÎÉÑÅÙ¡¢1½µ´Ö¤¢¤¿¤êÆɤàºý¿ô¡¢¿Þ½ñ´Û¤òˬ¤ì¤ëÉÑÅ٤ʤɤòÄ´ºº¤·¡¢»Ò¶¡¤Î¸À¸ìǽÎϤòRevised Reynell Development Language Scale¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë»Øɸ¤Ç¬Äꤷ¤¿¡£

¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¡¢Æɤßʹ¤«¤»¤ò»Ï¤á¤¿Ç¯Î𤬻Ҥɤâ¤Î¸À¸ìǽÎϤȤâ¤Ã¤È¤â¶¯¤¯Áê´Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Ê¬¤«¤Ã¤¿¡Î6¡Ï¡£¤µ¤é¤Ë¤½¤Î¸ú²Ì¤Ï¾®³Ø¹»¤Ë¹Ô¤¯Ç¯Îð¤Þ¤Ç»ý³¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¼¨º¶¤µ¤ì¤¿¡Î7¡Ï¡£

Æɤßʹ¤«¤»¤Î¸ú²Ì¤ò¤µ¤é¤Ë¹â¤á¤ëÊýË¡¤â¤¢¤ë¡£»Ò¤É¤â¤Ë¼ÁÌä¤ò¤·¤Ê¤¬¤éÆɤà¤Î¤À¡£Yes, no¤ä»Ø¤µ¤·¤ÇÅú¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¼ÁÌä¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢»Ò¤É¤â¤¬¸ÀÍÕ¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÅú¤¨¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤Ì䤤¤¬Îɤ¤¡£

¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡Ö¤³¤Î¼«Æ°¼Ö¤Ï²¿¿§¡©¡×¡Ö¥¦¥µ¥®¤µ¤ó¤Ï¤³¤ì¤«¤é¤É¤¦¤¹¤ë¤È»×¤¦¡©¡×¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¼ÁÌä¤À¡£¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë²ñÏ䷤ʤ¬¤éÆɤßʹ¤«¤»¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤òdialogic reading¡ÊÂÐÏÃŪÆɤßʹ¤«¤»¡Ë¤È¸Æ¤Ö¡£

Dialogic reading¤Î¸ú²Ì¤ò¬¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¼Â¸³¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤¿¡£

21¥«·î¤«¤é35¥«·î¤Î»Ò¶¡¤¬¤¤¤ë29ÁȤοƻҤò2¤Ä¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ëʬ¤±¡¢1¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ÏÊì¿Æ¤¬ÉáÃʤä¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤¿Ä̤ê¤Î³¨ËܤÎÆɤßʹ¤«¤»¤ò¡¢¤â¤¦1¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤Ïdialogic reading¤ò¡¢4½µ´Ö¤Ë¤ï¤¿¤Ã¤Æ¼ÂÁ©¤·¤Æ¤â¤é¤Ã¤¿¡£

¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ITPA¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë»Øɸ¤Ç¬Äꤵ¤ì¤¿¸À¸ìǽÎÏǯÎð¤Ë8.5¥«·îʬ¤â¤Îº¹¤¬½Ð¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡Î8¡Ï¡£

¢£¤ï¤¬»Ò¤Ë¤¿¤¯¤µ¤óÏä·¤«¤±¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦

¤â¤Á¤í¤ó¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¸¦µæ¤¬»Ò¤É¤â¤ÎÃÎǽȯã¤ÎÈëÌ©¤ò¤¹¤Ù¤Æ²ò¤­ÌÀ¤«¤·¤¿¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£Ê¬¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ï¤Þ¤À¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó¤¢¤ë¤·¡¢²Ê³ØŪ¤ËΩ¾Ú¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤»Ò°é¤ÆË¡¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤¤ï¤±¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¤¡£¤â¤Á¤í¤ó¤ª¶â¤ò¤«¤±¤¿±ÑºÍ¶µ°é¤â¤ä¤êÊý¼¡Âè¤Ç¤ÏÍ­±×¤À¤í¤¦¡£

¥¯¥ê¥¹¡¦¥Õ¥§¥ê¡¼¡ÊÃø¡Ë¡¢¾®Ìî²í͵¡ÊËÝÌõ¡Ë¡Ø¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤«¤¬¤¯ for babies¡Ù¡Ê¥µ¥ó¥Þ¡¼¥¯½ÐÈÇ¡Ë

¤À¤¬¡¢³Î¤«¤Ê²Ê³ØŪº¬µò¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢Ã¯¤Ë¤Ç¤â¤ª¶â¤ò¤«¤±¤º¤Ë¼ÂÁ©¤Ç¤­¤ë¶µ°éË¡¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤À¤«¤é¡¢¤½¤ì¤òÍѤ¤¤Ê¤¤¼ê¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤È»×¤¦¤Î¤À¡£

¤Þ¤º¤Ï»Ò¼é¤êÃæ¤Ë¥Æ¥ì¥Ó¤ò¤ß¤¿¤ê·ÈÂÓ¤ò¤¤¤¸¤Ã¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë»þ´Ö¤ò¸º¤é¤·¡¢»Ò¤É¤â¤Ë¤¿¤¯¤µ¤óÏä·¤«¤±¤ë¤³¤È¤«¤é»Ï¤á¤Æ¤Ï¤É¤¦¤À¤í¤¦¤«¡£

¤½¤·¤Æ¿²¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥Ù¥Ã¥É¤Ç²¿ºý¤«¤Î³¨Ëܤò°ì½ï¤ËÆɤཬ´·¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦¡£¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¤ª»Ò¤µ¤ó¤È°ì½ï¤Ë¿´¤«¤é³Ú¤·¤á¤ë³¨Ëܤ˽вñ¤¨¤¿¤é¡¢¤­¤Ã¤È¤½¤ì¤Ï²¿¤â¤Î¤Ë¤âÂؤ¨¤¬¤¿¤¤ºâ»º¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£

»²¹Íʸ¸¥
¡Î1¡Ï Capron, Christiane, and Michel Duyme. "Assessment of effects of socio-economic status on IQ in a full cross-fostering study." Nature 340.6234 (1989): 552-554.
¡Î2¡Ï Hart, Betty, and Todd R. Risley. "The early catastrophe: The 30 million word gap by age 3." American educator 27.1 (2003): 4-9. ¡ÊËͤÏÆɤó¤Ç¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢Èà¤é¤Ï¤³¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆËܤâ½ÐÈǤ·¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¤½¤Á¤é¤ÎÊý¤¬Â¿¤¯°úÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡§Hart, Betty, and Todd R. Risley. Meaningful differences in the everyday experience of young American children. Paul H Brookes Publishing, 1995.¡Ë
¡Î3¡Ï Rescorla, Leslie, Marion C. Hyson, and Kathy Hirsh-Pasek. Academic instruction in early childhood. Jossey-Bass, 1991.
¡Î4¡Ï Pinker, Steven. The language instinct: The new science of language and mind. Vol. 7529. Penguin UK, 1995.
¡Î5¡Ï Mares, Marie-Louise, and Zhongdang Pan. "Effects of Sesame Street: A meta-analysis of children's learning in 15 countries." Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 34.3 (2013): 140-151.
¡Î6¡Ï Debaryshe, Barbara D. "Joint picture-book reading correlates of early oral language skill." Journal of child language 20.2 (1993): 455-461. 
¡Î7¡Ï Eliot, Lise. What's going on in there?: how the brain and mind develop in the first five years of life. Bantam, 2000. Chapter 14, pp390¡¡Ëܹà¤Ç¾Ò²ð¤·¤¿¸¦µæ¤Î¿¤¯¤Ï¤³¤ÎËܤòÄ̤·¤ÆÃΤä¿¡£¶µ°éËܤǤϤʤ¯¡¢ÂÛ»ù¤Îº¢¤«¤é¤ÎǾ¤È¿´¤Îȯã¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î°ìÈ̸þ¤±²Ê³Ø½ñ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£»Ò°é¤Æ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤ÏËܽñ¤Î14¾Ï¤«¤é17¾Ï¤Þ¤Ç¤¬Æä˻²¹Í¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£±Ñ¸ì¤¬Æɤá¤ëÊý¤ÏÆɤó¤Ç¤ß¤Æ¤Û¤·¤¤¡£
¡Î8¡Ï Whitehurst, Grover J., et al. "Accelerating language development through picture book reading." Developmental psychology 24.4 (1988): 552.

----------
¾®Ìî ²í͵¡Ê¤ª¤Î¡¦¤Þ¤µ¤Ò¤í¡Ë
NASA¥¸¥§¥Ã¥È¿ä¿Ê¸¦µæ½ê¡ÊJet Propulsion Laboratory¡Ëµ»½Ñ¼Ô
1982ǯÂçºåÉÜÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¡£2005ǯÅìµþÂç³Ø¹©³ØÉô¹Ò¶õ±§Ã蹩³Ø²Ê´¶È¡£2012ǯ¥Þ¥µ¥Á¥å¡¼¥»¥Ã¥Ä¹©²ÊÂç³Ø¡ÊMIT¡Ë¹Ò¶õ±§Ã蹩³Ø²ÊÇî»Î²ÝÄø¤ª¤è¤ÓƱµ»½ÑÀ¯ºö¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à½¤»Î²ÝÄø½¤Î»¡£2012ǯ¤è¤ê·ÄØæµÁ½ÎÂç³ØÍý¹©³ØÉô½õ¶µ¡£2013ǯ¤è¤ê¸½¿¦¡£²ÐÀ±¥í¡¼¥Ð¡¼¡¦¥Ñ¡¼¥µ¥ô¥£¥¢¥é¥ó¥¹¤Î¼«Æ°±¿Å¾¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥¨¥¢¤Î³«È¯¤äÃϾå´ÉÀ©¤Ë·È¤ï¤ë¤Û¤«¡¢¾­Íè¤Î±§Ãèõººµ¡¤Î¼«Î§²½¤Ë¸þ¤±¤¿¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤Ê¸¦µæ¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£ºå¿À¥Õ¥¡¥ó¡£¹¥Êª¤Ï¤¿¤¯¤¢¤ó¡£Ãø½ñ¤Ë¡Ø±§Ãè¤òÌܻؤ·¤Æ³¤¤òÅϤë¡Ù¡ÊÅìÍηкѿ·Êó¼Ò¡Ë¡¢ËÝÌõ¤Ë¡Ø¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤«¤¬¤¯ for babies¡Ù¡Ê¥µ¥ó¥Þ¡¼¥¯½ÐÈǡˤʤɤ¬¤¢¤ë¡£
----------

¡ÊNASA¥¸¥§¥Ã¥È¿ä¿Ê¸¦µæ½ê¡ÊJet Propulsion Laboratory¡Ëµ»½Ñ¼Ô ¾®Ìî ²í͵¡Ë