Ìë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸ÉÑÅÙ¤¬¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²¿ô¤ÈÁê´Ø¡£Ìë¸÷±À´Ñ¬±ÒÀ±AIM¤ÎÀ®²Ì
¡Ú¢¥2011ǯ7·î2Æü¡¢¥«¥Ê¥À¡¦¥¢¥ë¥Ð¡¼¥¿½£¥¨¥É¥â¥ó¥È¥ó»Ô¤Î¾å¶õ¤Ë½Ð¸½¤·¤¿Ìë¸÷±À¡ÊCredit: NASA/Dave Hughes¡Ë¡Û
Ãϵå¤ÎË̶ˤÈÆî¶Ë¤Ë¶á¤¤ÃÏ°è¤Ç¤Ï¡¢²Æ¤ÎͼÊë¤ì¤«¤éÌÀ¤±Êý¤Ë¤«¤±¤Æ¡¢¤¦¤Ã¤¹¤é¤ÈÆú¿§¤Ëµ±¤¯±À¤¬¶õ¹â¤¯¤¿¤Ê¤Ó¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¡ÖÌë¸÷±À¡×¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë±À¤Ç¡¢Â絤·÷¤Çdz¤¨¿Ô¤¤¿Î®À±¤ÎÈùγ»Ò¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡ÖήÀ±±ìγ»Ò¡×¤Ëɹ¤Î·ë¾½¤¬ÉÕÃ夷¤Æ·ÁÀ®¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
2007ǯ¤Ë¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¹Ò¶õ±§Ãè¶É¡ÊNASA¡Ë¤¬ÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤¿Ìë¸÷±À´Ñ¬±ÒÀ±¡ÖAIM¡×¡ÊAeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere¡§Ãæ´Ö·÷¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ëɹ¤ÎĶ¹âÁØÂ絤ʪÍý³Ø¡Ë¤Î´Ñ¬¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÍѤ¤¤¿¿·¤·¤¤¸¦µæ¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡¢¶Ë°è¤è¤ê¤âÄ㤤°ÞÅ٤ǤÎÌë¸÷±À¤Î½Ð¸½¤Ï¡¢Ä«¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥ÈÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤ÈÁê´Ø¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬ÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
1800ǯÂå¸åȾ¤Ë½é¤á¤ÆµÏ¿¤µ¤ì¤¿Ìë¸÷±À¤Ï¡¢Ãϵå¤ÎÂ絤·÷¤ÎºÇ¤â¹â¤¤¤È¤³¤í¤ÇȯÀ¸¤¹¤ë±À¤È¤·¤ÆÃΤé¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë±À¤ÏÂÐή·÷¡Ê¹âÅÙ0km¤«¤éÌó11km¡Ë¤ÎÃæ¤ÇȯÀ¸¤·¡¢Íë±À¤È¤·¤ÆÃΤé¤ì¤ëÀÑÍð±À¤Ç¤â±À夬16km¤òĶ¤¨¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤È¤³¤í¤¬¡¢Ìë¸÷±À¤Ï¹âÅÙ80km¤Û¤É¤ÎÃæ´Ö·÷¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ëÂ絤¤ÎÁؤËÉ⤫¤ó¤Ç¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ÃϾ夫¤é¸«¤ÆÂÀÍÛ¤¬ÄÀ¤ó¤À¸å¤Ç¤âÂÀÍۤθ÷¤¬ÆϤ¯¤Û¤É¹â¤¤¤È¤³¤í¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢Ìë¸÷±À¤ÏÌë¤Ç¤âµ±¤¯¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£
Ìë¸÷±À¤Ï¡¢¶ËÃæ´Ö·÷±À¤È¤â¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¹â°ÞÅ٤ζËÉÕ¶á¤ÇȯÀ¸¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢¶ËÅÀ¤«¤é±ó¤¯Î¥¤ì¤¿°ÞÅÙ60Åٰʲ¼¤Î¾ì½ê¤Ç¤âȯÀ¸¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ËÌȾµå¤Ç¤ÏËÌ°Þ56¡Á60ÅÙ¡Ê¥¢¥é¥¹¥«ÆîÉô¡¢¥«¥Ê¥ÀÃæÉô¡¢¥è¡¼¥í¥Ã¥ÑËÌÉô¡¢¥¹¥«¥ó¥¸¥Ê¥Ó¥¢ÆîÉô¡¢¥í¥·¥¢ÃæÆîÉô¤Î¾å¶õ¤Ê¤É¡Ë¤Ç¤âȯÀ¸¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
¼Â¤Ï¡¢Ìë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸ÉÑÅÙ¤Ïǯ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÂ礤¯°Û¤Ê¤ê¡¢Â¿¤¤Ç¯¤Ï¾¯¤Ê¤¤Ç¯¤Î10ÇܤâȯÀ¸¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£²áµî¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢NASA¤¬±¿ÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡Ö¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¥·¥ã¥È¥ë¡×¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²»þ¤ËÂ絤Ãæ¤ËÊü½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¿å¾øµ¤¤¬¡¢¶Ë°èÉÕ¶á¤ÎÌë¸÷±À¤òÁý²Ã¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
¡Ú¢¥2014ǯ7·î2Æü¤ÎÁáÄ«¡¢¥«¥ê¥Õ¥©¥ë¥Ë¥¢½£¥Ð¥ó¥Ç¥ó¥Ð¡¼¥°¶õ·³´ðÃϤ«¤éÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤é¤ì¤¿¥Ç¥ë¥¿II¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÏNASA¤Î¿Í¹©±ÒÀ±¡ÖOrbiting Carbon Observatory-2¡ÊOCO-2¡Ë¡×¤Îµ°Æ»ÅêÆþ¤ËÀ®¸ù¡£Ä«¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥ÈÂǤÁ¾å¤²¿ô¤ÈÃæ°ÞÅÙÌë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸ÉÑÅÙ¤òÈæ³Ó¤·¤¿ºÇ¶á¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ëÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤Î°ì¤Ä¡ÊCredit¡§NASA/Bill Ingalls¡Ë¡Û
º£²ó¡¢Êƹñ³¤·³¸¦µæ½ê¤Î¥Þ¥¤¥±¥ë¡¦¥¹¥Æ¥£¡¼¥Ö¥ó¥¹¡ÊMichael Stevens¡Ë»á¤òɮƬ¤È¤¹¤ë¸¦µæ¥Á¡¼¥à¤Ï¡¢AIM±ÒÀ±¤ËÅëºÜ¤µ¤ì¤¿´Ñ¬ÁõÃÖ¡ÖCIPS¡ÊCloud Imaging and Particle Size¡§±À¤Î¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¥ó¥°¤Èγ»Ò¥µ¥¤¥º¡Ë¡×¤Ë¤è¤ë´Ñ¬·ë²Ì¤È¡¢ËÌ°Þ60ÅÙ°ÊÆî¤Ç¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥ÈÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤Î¥¿¥¤¥ß¥ó¥°¤òÈæ³Ó¡£¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¡¢¸½ÃÏ»þ´Ö23»þ¤«¤éÍâÆü10»þ¤Î´Ö¤Ë¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤¿¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²²ó¿ô¤È¡¢ËÌ°Þ56ÅÙ¤«¤é60Å٤δ֤ǴѬ¤µ¤ì¤¿7·î¤ÎÃæ°ÞÅÙÌë¸÷±À¤Î½Ð¸½ÉÑÅ٤˶¯¤¤Áê´Ø¤¬¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤¬È½ÌÀ¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢¸áÁ°Ãæ¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²²ó¿ô¤¬Â¿¤¤¤Û¤É¡¢Ãæ°ÞÅÙÌë¸÷±À¤â¿¤¯½Ð¸½¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£
¥¹¥Æ¥£¡¼¥Ö¥ó¥¹»á¤Ï¡¢¡ÖÃæ°ÞÅ٤ˤª¤±¤ëÌë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸¤ÏÆæ¤ËÊñ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¤½¤Îº¬ËÜŪ¤Ê¸¶°ø¤Ë¤Ï°ÛÏÀ¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡×¤È¸ì¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ºÇ¸å¤Î¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¥·¥ã¥È¥ë¤Ï2011ǯ¤ËÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤é¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤â¾¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤¬¿Í¹©±ÒÀ±¤ä¿Í´Ö¤ò±§Ãè¤Ë±¿¤Ó¡¢Â絤Ãæ¤Ë¿å¾øµ¤¤òÁý¤ä¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¡ÖËܸ¦µæ¤Ï¡¢¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¥·¥ã¥È¥ë¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤¬Ãæ»ß¤µ¤ì¤¿¸å¤â¡¢±§Ãè¤Ø¤Î¹Ô¤Í褬Ãæ°ÞÅÙÌë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸¤ÎǯÊÑÆ°¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡×¤È¡¢¥¹¥Æ¥£¡¼¥Ö¥ó¥¹»á¤Ï·ëÏÀ¤Å¤±¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
¡Ú¢¥2007ǯ¤«¤é2021ǯ¤Ë¤«¤±¤Æ¡¢AIM±ÒÀ±¤ÎCIPCÁõÃ֤ˤè¤Ã¤ÆËèǯ7·î¤ËËÌ°Þ56ÅÙ¤«¤é60Å٤δ֤ǴѬ¤µ¤ì¤¿Ìë¸÷±À¤ÎÉÑÅÙ¡Ê¥ª¥ì¥ó¥¸¿§¤ÎÅÀ¡Ë¤È¡¢Ëèǯ¡Ê´ðËÜŪ¤Ë¤Ï6·î21Æü¡Á7·î21Æü¤Î´ü´Ö¡Ë¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²¿ô¡ÊÎФÎÅÀ¡Ë¤È¤òÈæ³Ó¤·¤¿¥°¥é¥Õ¡Ê2017ǯ¤ÏCIPS¤Î±¿ÍѾå¤ÎÌäÂê¤Ç¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¬Ì¤¼ý½¸¡Ë¡£¾å¤Î¥°¥é¥Õ¤Ï¡¢1Æü¤òÄ̤·¤ÆÀ¤³¦Ãæ¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢Ìë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸ÉÑÅ٤ȤÎÁê´Ø¤Ï¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¸«¤é¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¤¬¡¢²¼¤Î¥°¥é¥Õ¤Ï¡¢ËÌ°Þ60ÅÙ°ÊÆî¤ÎÄ«¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²¡Ê¸½ÃÏ»þ´Ö¸á¸å11»þ¤«¤é¸áÁ°10»þ¤Î´Ö¡Ë¤Î¤ß¤ò¹Íθ¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¤è¤ê¶¯¤¤Áê´Ø¤¬¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤ï¤«¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡ÊCredit¡§NASA/Michael Stevens (Naval Research Laboratory) et al.¡Ë¡Û
¤Þ¤¿¡¢Ìë¸÷±À¤Î¤¹¤°¾å¶õ¤ÎÉ÷¤òʬÀϤ·¤¿¤È¤³¤í¡¢Ä«¤ÎÂǤÁ¾å¤²»þ¤ËË̾夹¤ëÉ÷¤¬ºÇ¤â¶¯¤¤¤³¤È¤¬¤ï¤«¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤³¤Î¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥í¥ê¥À¤äÆ¥ê¥Õ¥©¥ë¥Ë¥¢¤Ê¤ÉÄã°ÞÅÙ¤ÎÃÏ°è¤ÇÄ«¤ËÂǤÁ¾å¤²¤é¤ì¤¿¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÇÓµ¤¤¬¡¢¶Ë°è¤Ë¸þ¤«¤Ã¤ÆÉ÷¤Ç±¿¤Ð¤ì¤ä¤¹¤¤¤³¤È¤ò¼¨º¶¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤³¤Ç¡¢¥í¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÇÓµ¤¤¬É¹¤Î·ë¾½¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¢²¼¹ß¤·¤Æ±À¤ò·ÁÀ®¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£
¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢Ãæ°ÞÅÙÌë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸ÉÑÅ٤ˤϡ¢Ä´ºº´ü´ÖÃæ¡¢°ìÈÌŪ¤Ê¾å¾º·¹¸þ¤ä²¼¹ß·¹¸þ¤Ï¸«¤é¤ì¤º¡¢11ǯ¤ÎÂÀÍÛ¼þ´ü¤È¤ÎÁê´Ø¤â¸«¤é¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤«¤é¡¢ÂÀÍÛÊü¼Í¤ÎÊѲ½¤¬±À¤ÎȯÀ¸¤òǯ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÊѲ½¤µ¤»¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤¬¤ï¤«¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¡ÖÃæ°ÞÅ٤ˤª¤±¤ëÌë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸¿ô¤ÎÊѲ½¤Ï¡¢Ä«¤Î¥í¥±¥Ã¥ÈÂǤÁ¾å¤²¿ô¤ÈÁê´Ø¤·¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢Â絤Ĭ¼®¡Ê¼þ´üŪ¤ÊÂ絤¤Î±¿Æ°¡Ë¤Ë¤è¤ëÇÓµ¤¤ÎÍ¢Á÷¤È°ìÃפ·¤Þ¤¹¡×¤È¥¹¥Æ¥£¡¼¥Ö¥ó¥¹»á¤Ï·ëÏÀ¤Å¤±¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
º£²ó¤Î¸¦µæÀ®²Ì¤Ï¡¢Ìë¸÷±À¤ÎȯÀ¸ÉÑÅÙ¤ÎÊѲ½¤¬¤É¤ÎÄøÅÙ¼«Á³¤Ë°ú¤µ¯¤³¤µ¤ì¡¢¤É¤ÎÄøÅÙ¿Í´Ö³èÆ°¤Î±Æ¶Á¤ò¼õ¤±¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤«¤òÍý²ò¤¹¤ë¾å¤Ç¡¢½ÅÍפÊȯ¸«¤È¸À¤¨¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£
¸¦µæÀ®²Ì¤Ï2022ǯ5·î2ÆüÉÕ¤±¤Î¡ÖEarth and Space Science¡×»ï¤Ë·ÇºÜ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
Source
Image Credit: NASA/Dave Hughes, NASA/Bill Ingalls, NASA/Michael Stevens (Naval Research Laboratory) et al.NASA - Rocket Launches Can Create Night-Shining Clouds Away from the Poles, NASA¡Çs AIM Mission RevealsEarth and Space Science - Northern Mid-Latitude Mesospheric Cloud Frequencies Observed by AIM/CIPS: Interannual Variability Driven by Space Traffic
ʸ¡¿µÈÅÄůϺ