ľΩÆó­Êâ¹Ô¤ò²Äǽ¤Ë¤¹¤ëɨ¤Ï¡¢¿Í´Ö¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤ÆÆÃħŪ¤Ê´ï´±¤Î¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢Ç¯Îð¤ò½Å¤Í¤ë¤´¤È¤Ë¤Ä¤é¤¤Äˤߤ¬Áý¤¨¤ÆÆ°¤«¤·¤Ë¤¯¤¯¤Ê¤ëÉô°Ì¤Ç¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¿Í´Ö¤Îɨ¤Î¿Ê²½¤Ë¤ÏÊ£»¨¤ÊÎò»Ë¤¬¤¢¤ê¡¢Äˤߤò´¶¤¸¤¿¤ê¥±¥¬¤·¤¿¤ê¤·¤ä¤¹¤¤¸¶°ø¤â¤½¤ÎÎò»Ë¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤È¡¢¿·¤·¤¤¸¦µæ¤ÇȽÌÀ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

Easy to gain but hard to lose: the evolution of the knee sesamoid bones in Primates-a systematic review and phylogenetic meta-analysis | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2024.0774

Why we haven¡Çt evolved better knees - new research

https://theconversation.com/why-we-havent-evolved-better-knees-new-research-238707



ɨ¤Ï¡¢½é´ü¤Î¿ÍÎबľΩÊâ¹Ô¤ò²Äǽ¤Ë¤·¤¿¤À¤±¤Ç¤Ê¤¯¡¢¥Û¥â¡¦¥µ¥Ô¥¨¥ó¥¹¤ò¥Û¥â¡¦¥¨¥ì¥¯¥È¥¹¤ä¥Û¥â¡¦¥Í¥¢¥ó¥Ç¥ë¥¿¡¼¥ì¥ó¥·¥¹(¥Í¥¢¥ó¥Ç¥ë¥¿¡¼¥ë¿Í)¤Ê¤É¤ÎÀäÌǤ·¤¿°äÅÁŪƱ²¤È¶èÊ̤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë´ï´±¤Ç¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£É¨¤Ï¿Í´Ö¤ÎÁÄÀ褫¤éÈ÷¤ï¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢´ØÀá¾É¤Ê¤É¤Î¡Öɨ¤¬Äˤ¤¡×¤È¤¤¤¦ÌäÂê¤Ï¡¢¿Í´Ö¤ÎÁÄÀè¤ÏÊú¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

2017ǯ¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢6000ǯÁ°¤Þ¤ÇÀ¸¤­¤Æ¤¤¤¿¼íÎĺν¸Ì±¤Î°ä¹ü¤ò¸¦µæ¤·¤¿¤È¤³¤í¡¢¸½Âå¤Ç¤Ï45ºÐ°Ê¾å¤Î¿Í¤Î3ʬ¤Î1°Ê¾å¤¬¾É¾õ¤ò¤â¤Ä¤È¸À¤ï¤ì¤ëɨ¤ÎÊÑ·ÁÀ­´ØÀá¾É¤¬¡¢¸Å¤¯¤Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤¯ÌäÂê¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¹â¤¤¤³¤È¤¬È½ÌÀ¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¸¦µæ¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡¢¸½Âå¤Î¿Í´Ö¤¬Ä¾Ì̤·¤Æ¤¤¤ëɨ¤ÎÌäÂê¤Î¿¤¯¤Ï¡¢¹©¶È²½¤·¤¿¼Ò²ñ¤ÎºÂ¤ê¤¬¤Á¤Ê¥é¥¤¥Õ¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢È¯À¸Î¨¤¬2Çܰʾå¤ËÁý²Ã¤·¤¿¤È¹Í¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¤½¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤Þ¤¿¡¢¥¤¥®¥ê¥¹¤Î¥­¥ó¥°¥¹¡¦¥«¥ì¥Ã¥¸¡¦¥í¥ó¥É¥ó¤Ç¹©³ØÉô¹Ö»Õ¤ò̳¤á¤ë¥Þ¥¤¥±¥ë¡¦¥Ð¡¼¥È¡¼¥à»á¤Ï¡¢´ØÀá¤ò°ÂÄꤵ¤»Êݸ¤ë¶ÚÆù¤¬¼å¤¯¤Ê¤ê¡¢¹ü¤Î»¤¤ì¤òϤ餲¤ëÆð¹ü¤¬Èæ³ÓŪ¼å¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ï¡¢¿Í´Ö¤¬°ÊÁ°¤è¤ê¤â¤º¤Ã¤È±¿Æ°¤ò¤·¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿·ë²Ì¤À¤È»ØŦ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£²áµî¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¹øÄˤξì¹ç¤Ç¤â¡¢·Ú¤¤±¿Æ°¤ò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ÇÄˤߤòϤ餲¤¿¤êºÆȯ¤òËɤ¤¤À¤ê¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤È¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¹øÄˤòϤ餲¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡Ö±¿Æ°¡×¤¬¸ú²ÌŪ¤ÊÍýͳ¤È¤Ï¡© - GIGAZINE



°ìÊý¤Ç¡¢É¨¤Ë¤Ï²Ê³Ø¼Ô¤â´°Á´¤ËÍý²ò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤Ê£»¨¤ÊÀ¸Êª³ØŪµ¡¹½¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤Î¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤¬¼ï»Ò¹ü¤È¤¤¤¦¾®¤µ¤Ê¹ü¤Ç¡¢É¨³¸¹ü(¤·¤Ä¤¬¤¤¤³¤Ä)¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤¤¤ï¤æ¤ë¡Öɨ¤Î»®¡×¤¬¼ï»Ò¹ü¤Ë¤¢¤¿¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¼ï»Ò¹ü¤Î¿Ê²½¡¢À®Ä¹¡¢È¯Ã£¡¢¤½¤·¤Æ¼ï»Ò¹ü¤¬°ìÉô¤Î¼ï¤Ë¸ºß¤·¡¢Â¾¤Î¼ï¤Ë¤Ï¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤Íýͳ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¿ôɴǯ¤Î¸¦µæ¤ò·Ð¤Æ¤â¤Û¤È¤ó¤É²òÌÀ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

¤½¤³¤Ç¥Ð¡¼¥È¡¼¥à»á¤é¤Ï¡¢É¨¤Ë¤¢¤ë¼ï»Ò¹ü¤Î¿Ê²½¤Èȯã¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ·ÏÅýŪ¸¦µæ¤ò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¸¦µæ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¿Í´Ö°Ê³°¤Î¥Ò¥È²Êưʪ¤ä¿ÍÎà¤Î¶¦ÄÌÁÄÀè¤ò´Þ¤à93¼ï¤ÎÎîĹÎà¤Î¼ï»Ò¹ü3ËܤòÂηÏŪ¤ËÄ´ºº¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£



Èæ³ÓʬÀϤηë²Ì¡¢¼ï»Ò¹ü¤Î̵ͭ¤Ï¹âÅ٤˹½Â¤²½¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢·ÏÅýȯÀ¸Åª¤Ë²¿¤é¤«¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¼¨º¶¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢²¿¤«ÆÃÄê¤ÎÆ°¤­¤ä´Ä¶­¤Ë¹ç¤ï¤»¤Æɨ¤¬¿Ê²½¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¤¿¤È¤¨¤ÐÂΤΥµ¥¤¥º¤ä´ï´±¤ÎÇÛÃ֤ʤɼï»Ò¹ü¤Î¸ºß°Ê³°¤Î¾ðÊ󤬡¢¼ï»Ò¹ü¤Î̵ͭ¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£¿ÍÎà¤Ï¼ï»Ò¹ü¤Ë´Ø¤·¤ÆÆÈÆäʿʲ½¤ò¿ë¤²¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¤½¤ì¤ÏÎà¿Í±î¤È¿ÍÎà¤ò´Þ¤àÎîĹÎà¤Î¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ç¤¢¤ë¥Ò¥È¾å²Ê¤Îµ¯¸»¤«¤é»Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤È¸¦µæ¼Ô¤Ï¿ä¬¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤Þ¤¿¡¢±¿Æ°Î̤¬Äã²¼¤·¤¿¤³¤È¤Ë²Ã¤¨¤Æ¡¢±ÉÍܤÎÀݼèÎ̤¬À¤³¦Åª¤ËÁý²Ã¤·¡¢¿Í´Ö¤Î¿ÈŤÈÂνŤ¬Áý²Ã¤·¤¿¤³¤È¤â¡¢É¨¤Ë¤¢¤ë¼ï»Ò¹ü¤¬ÆÈÆäοʲ½¤ò¤·¤Æ´ØÀá¾É¤ò°ú¤­µ¯¤³¤·¤ä¤¹¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¸¶°ø¤À¤È¹Í¤¨¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¥Ð¡¼¥È¡¼¥à»á¤Ï¡Öɨ¤Ï¡¢»ä¤¿¤Á¤¬À¸¤­¤Æ¤¤¤ë»þÂå¤Ë¹ç¤ï¤»¤Æ¿Ê²½¤·¤¿¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¤â¤È¤â¤ÈÊ⤯¤Î¤ËÌòΩ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¹ü¤¬¡¢¥é¥¤¥Õ¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤ÎÊѲ½¤Ëȼ¤Ã¤Æ¿¼¹ï²½¤¹¤ëɨ¤ÎÌäÂê¤Î¸¶°ø¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤¿²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¹â¤¤¤ÈȽÌÀ¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£»ä¤¿¤Á¤¬´¶¤¸¤ëɨ¤ÎÄˤߤϡ¢ÁÛÁü°Ê¾å¤ËÊ£»¨¤Ê¿Ê²½¤¬±Æ¶Á¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡×¤È¸ì¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£