¶áǯ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢AIµ»½Ñ¤ä¹çÀ®²»À¼µ»½Ñ¤Î¿ÊÊâ¤Ëȼ¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¤Þ¤ë¤Ç¿Í´Ö¤ÎÀ¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê²»À¼¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÏÌܳФޤ·¤¤È¯Å¸¤ò¿ë¤²¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤·¤«¤·¡¢18À¤µª¤Î¥è¡¼¥í¥Ã¥Ñ¤Ç¤â¡¢¿Í´Ö¤ÎÀ¼¤ò¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Êµ»½Ñ¤äµ¡³£¤¬¿ô¿¤¯³«È¯¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¡ÈYou Are My Friend¡É: Early Androids and Artificial Speech - The Public Domain Review

https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/early-androids-and-artificial-speech/



ºÇ½é¤Î¡Ö¿Í´Ö¤Îµ¡Ç½¤òÌϤ·¤¿¡×¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤¬ÃÂÀ¸¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ï¡¢1738ǯ2·î¤Î¤³¤È¡£¥¨¥ó¥¸¥Ë¥¢¤Î¥¸¥ã¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ô¥©¡¼¥«¥ó¥½¥ó¤¬¥¢¥ó¥È¥ï¡¼¥Ì¡¦¥³¥ï¥º¥ô¥©¡¼¤Î¡Ö¥Õ¥ë¡¼¥È¤ò±éÁÕ¤¹¤ëÍÓ»ô¤¤¡×¤ò¥â¥Ç¥ë¤ËÀ½ºî¤·¡¢¥Ñ¥ê¤Î¥µ¥ó¥¸¥§¥ë¥Þ¥ó¸«ËܻԤÇŸ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¤Î²»³ÚÍÑ¥ª¡¼¥È¥Þ¥¿¤Ê¤É¤È¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ê¡¢¥Õ¥ë¡¼¥È¤ò±éÁÕ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£



¸«ËܻԤòˬ¤ì¤¿Â¿¤¯¤Î»²²Ã¼Ô¤Ï¡ÖÆâÉô¤Ë¼«Î§Åª¤Êµ¡¹½¤¬ÉÕ¤¤¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤Ï±éÁÕ¤¹¤ë¤Õ¤ê¤ò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤À¤±¤Ë°ã¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡×¤È²ûµ¿Åª¤ÊÌܤò¸þ¤±¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢¤³¤Î¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤Ï3ÁȤΤդ¤¤´¤ä¿°¡¢Àå¡¢¥Ñ¥Ã¥ÉÆþ¤ê¤Î»Ø¤òÅëºÜ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¥Õ¥ë¡¼¥È¤ò±éÁÕ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¡¢Åö»þ¤Î¸«ËܻԻ²²Ã¼Ô¤ò¶Ã¤«¤»¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¥ô¥©¡¼¥«¥ó¥½¥ó¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡¢¤³¤Î¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤Ï2ÁȤλõ¼Ö¤Ë¼è¤êÉÕ¤±¤é¤ì¤¿½Å¤ê¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÆ°ºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤È¤Î¤³¤È¡£²¼Ãʤλõ¼Ö¤Ï¥¯¥é¥ó¥¯ÉÕ¤­¤Î¼Ö¼´¤ò²óž¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢3ÁȤΤդ¤¤´¤ËÆ°ÎϤò¶¡µë¤·¡¢°Û¤Ê¤ë3¼ïÎà¤Î¶¯¤µ¤Î©¤òȯÀ¸¤µ¤»¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤Þ¤¿¡¢¾åÃʤλõ¼Ö¤Ï¥«¥àÉÕ¤­¤Î¥·¥ê¥ó¥À¡¼¤ò²óž¤µ¤»¡¢¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤Î»Ø¤äÀå¡¢¿°¤ÎÀ©¸æ¤òô¤¦¥ì¥Ð¡¼¤ò²ÔƯ¤µ¤»¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¥Õ¥ë¡¼¥È¤ò¼ÂºÝ¤Ë±éÁդǤ­¤ëµ¡³£¤òÀ߷פ¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢¥ô¥©¡¼¥«¥ó¥½¥ó¤Ï¿Í´Ö¤Î¥Õ¥ë¡¼¥ÈÁռԤξܺ٤ʸ¦µæ¤ä´Ñ»¡¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¤½¤¦¡£¤³¤Î·ë²Ì¡¢¿Í´Ö¤Î¥Õ¥ë¡¼¥ÈÁռԤε»½Ñ¤ò¥¢¥ó¥É¥í¥¤¥É¤ËÈ¿±Ç¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÀ®¸ù¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¤Þ¤¿¡¢¥ô¥©¡¼¥«¥ó¥½¥ó¤Ï1739ǯ¤Ë¡¢º¸¼ê¤Ë»ý¤Ã¤¿¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤Ç20¼ïÎà¤Î¥á¥Ì¥¨¥Ã¥È¤Ê¤É¤ò±éÁդǤ­¤ë¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ä¡¢¸ª¤Ë¤«¤±¤¿ÂÀ¸Ý¤ò±éÁÕ¤¹¤ë¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ò³«È¯¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£



18À¤µªÈ¾¤Ð¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¡¢¼Â¸³Å¯³Ø¼Ô¤äµ¡³£³Ø¼Ô¤é¤Ï¡ÖȯÏäϸƵۤä¾Ã²½¤ÈƱÍͤοÈÂε¡Ç½¡×¤È²¾Äꤷ¡¢¡ÖÏ乤³¤È¤ÏËܼÁŪ¤ËÍ­µ¡Åª¤Ê¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢µ¡³£¤Ç¤ÏºÆ¸½ÉÔ²Äǽ¡×¤Èͽ¸À¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Å¯³Ø¼Ô¤Çºî²È¤Î¥¢¥ó¥È¥ï¡¼¥Ì¡¦¥³¡¼¥È¡¦¥É¡¦¥¸¥§¥Ö¥é¥ó¤Ï¡ÖÀ¼ÂӤο̤¨¤ä¶ÚÆù¤ÎÍɤ졢¶õµ¤¤¬¸ý¤Î¦Ì̤ËÍ¿¤¨¤ë±Æ¶Á¤Ê¤É¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¸½¾Ý¤ÏÀ¸ÂÎÆâ¤Ç¤·¤«µ¯¤³¤êÆÀ¤Þ¤»¤ó¡×¤È»ØŦ¡£°ìÊý¤ÇͣʪÏÀ¼Ô¤Î¥¸¥å¥ê¥¢¥ó¡¦¥ª¥Õ¥ì¥¤¡¦¥É¡¦¥é¡¦¥á¥È¥ê¡¼¤Ï¥ô¥©¡¼¥«¥ó¥½¥ó¤Î¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ò´ð¤Ë¡ÖÏä¹µ¡³£¤Î³«È¯¤Ï¤â¤Ï¤äÉÔ²Äǽ¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡×¤È¼çÄ¥¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¤½¤·¤Æ¡¢¥Á¥ã¡¼¥ë¥º¡¦¥À¡¼¥¦¥£¥ó¤ÎÁÄÉã¤Ç¤¢¤ë¥¨¥é¥¹¥à¥¹¡¦¥À¡¼¥¦¥£¥ó¤Ï1771ǯ¤Ë¡Ö½À¤é¤«¤¤³×¤Î¿°¤È¡¢É¡¹¦ÍѤΥХë¥Ö¤ò¼è¤êÉÕ¤±¤¿ÌÚÀ½¤Î¸ý¤ò¹Í°Æ¤·¤¿¡×¤Èȯɽ¡£¸¨¤Î¥ê¥Ü¥ó¤Ç¤Ç¤­¤¿°öƬ¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤³¤Îµ¡³£¤Ï¡Ö¥Þ¥Þ¡×¡Ö¥Ñ¥Ñ¡×¡Ö¥Þ¥Ã¥×¡×¡Ö¥Ñ¥à¡×¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿ÍÄ»ù¸ì¤òÏ乤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£

¤µ¤é¤Ë¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¤Î¥ß¥«¥ë½¤Æ»±¡Ä¹¤Ï1778ǯ¤Ë¡¢2¤Ä¤Î¿Í¹©À¼ÂÓ¤ò¼è¤êÉÕ¤±¤¿µ¡³£¤ò¥Ñ¥ê²Ê³Ø¥¢¥«¥Ç¥ß¡¼¤Ë´ó£¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Îµ¡³£¤Ë¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ë2¤Ä¤Î¿Í·Á¤ÎƬ¤¬¼è¤êÉÕ¤±¤é¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¡Ö²¦¤Ï¥è¡¼¥í¥Ã¥Ñ¤ËʿϤòÍ¿¤¨¤ë¡×¡ÖʿϤϲ¦¤Ë±É¸÷¤Î´§¤ò¤«¤Ö¤»¤ë¡×¡Ö¤½¤·¤Æ¡¢Ê¿Ï¤Ͽ͡¹¤Î¹¬Ê¡¤òºî¤ë¡×¡Ö¤ª¤ª¡¢²¦¤è¡¢¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î̱¤Î°¦¤¹¤Ù¤­Éã¤è¡¢Èà¤é¤Î¹¬Ê¡¤Ï¥è¡¼¥í¥Ã¥Ñ¤Ë¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¶ÌºÂ¤Î±É¸÷¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡×¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¥ë¥¤16À¤¤ò»¿Èþ¤¹¤ë³Ý¤±¹ç¤¤¤¬²Äǽ¤À¤Ã¤¿¤È¤Î¤³¤È¡£¤Ê¤ª¡¢ºî²È¤Î¥ë¥¤¡¦¥×¥Æ¥£¡¦¥É¡¦¥Ð¥·¥ç¡¼¥â¥ó¤Ï¡Ö¤«¤¹¤ìÀ¼¤Ç¡¢Èó¾ï¤Ë¤æ¤Ã¤¯¤ê¤È¤·¤¿²ñÏäÀ¤Ã¤¿¡×¤È»ØŦ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£



¤½¤ì¤Ç¤â¡¢¥ß¥«¥ë½¤Æ»±¡Ä¹¤Îµ¡³£¤òÄ´ºº¤·¤¿³Ø¼Ô¤¿¤Á¤Ï¡Ö¿Í´Ö¤òÌÏÊ路¤Æºî¤é¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¿Í´Ö¤ÎȯÀ¼¥á¥«¥Ë¥º¥à¤ËÈó¾ï¤Ë¶á¤¤¤â¤Î¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡×¤Èɾ²Á¡£¤½¤Î¸å¡¢¥ß¥«¥ë½¤Æ»±¡Ä¹¤Ï¥¢¥«¥Ç¥ß¡¼¡¦¥Ç¡¦¥µ¥¤¥¨¥ó¥¹¤Î¼ê°ú¤­¤ò¼õ¤±¡¢¥ë¥¤16À¤¤Ø¤Î±Ú¸«(¤¨¤Ã¤±¤ó)¤ò²Ì¤¿¤·¤¿¤½¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡£

¿Í´Ö¤ÎÀ¼¤ò¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Êµ¡³£¤Ï¡Ö¥È¡¼¥­¥ó¥°¥Ø¥Ã¥º¡×¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¡¢¥ª¥ë¥¬¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æºî¤é¤ì¤¿¿Í¹©À¼ÂÓ¤ò¹½ÃÛ¤·¤¿C.G.¥¯¥é¥Ã¥Ä¥§¥ó¥·¥å¥¿¥¤¥ó¤ä¡¢¥¨¥ó¥¸¥Ë¥¢¤Î¥ô¥©¥ë¥Õ¥¬¥ó¥°¡¦¥Õ¥©¥ó¡¦¥±¥ó¥Ú¥ì¥ó¤Ê¤É¤¬Æȼ«¤Î¥È¡¼¥­¥ó¥°¥Ø¥Ã¥º¤ò³«È¯¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£



1800ǯÂå¤ËÆþ¤ë¤È¡¢¥È¡¼¥­¥ó¥°¥Ø¥Ã¥º¤Î³«È¯¤Ï±¢¤ê¤ò¸«¤»¡¢¡Ö¼ÂºÝ¤Î²»À¼´ï´±¤ä²»À¼¤ÎÀ¸Íý³ØŪ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤òºÆ¸½¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢Â¾¤Î¼êÃʤǿʹ֤β»À¼¤òºÆ¸½¤·¤è¤¦¡×¤È¤¤¤¦É÷Ĭ¤¬¶¯¤Þ¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¤·¤«¤·¡¢1840ǯÂå¸åȾ¤Ë¥É¥¤¥Ä·Ï°Ü̱¤Î¥¸¥ç¥»¥Õ¡¦¥¦¥§¥¤¥Ð¡¼¤Ï¡Ö¥æ¡¼¥Õ¥©¥Ë¥¢¡×¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¥È¡¼¥­¥ó¥°¥Ø¥Ã¥º¤ò³«È¯¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¥æ¡¼¥Õ¥©¥Ë¥¢¤Ë¤Ï¥ê¥¢¥ë¤Ê´éÌ̤¬¼è¤êÉÕ¤±¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Û¤«¡¢¤Õ¤¤¤´¤äÀ¼ÂÓ¡¢Àå¡¢²ÄÊѶ¦Ìļ¼¡¢¥´¥àÀ½¤Î¸ý³¸¡¢²¼³Ü¡¢Ëˤò»ý¤Ä¸ý¹Ð(¤³¤¦¤¯¤¦)¤¬Æ⢤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¥æ¡¼¥Õ¥©¥Ë¥¢¤ÏÁ´¤Æ¤ÎÊì²»¤È»Ò²»¤òȯ²»¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¡¢¥ì¥Ð¡¼¤ËÀܳ¤µ¤ì¤¿17¸°¤Î¸°ÈפòÁàºî¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ÇÀ¼¤ËÍÞÍȤòÉÕ¤±¤ë¤³¤È¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£



1844ǯ¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥Õ¥©¥Ë¥¢¤Ï¥Ë¥å¡¼¥è¡¼¥¯»Ô¤Ç½é¤á¤ÆŸ¼¨¤µ¤ì¡¢¤½¤Î¸å¥Õ¥£¥é¥Ç¥ë¥Õ¥£¥¢¤Ç¤âŸ¼¨¡¢1870ǯÂå¸åȾ¤Ë¤Ï¥Ñ¥ê¤ÇŸ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢Â礭¤Ê´Ø¿´¤òÀ¸¤à¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢ÀŤ«¤Ë˺¤ìµî¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤È¤Î¤³¤È¡£

20À¤µª¤ËÆþ¤ë¤È¡¢²Ê³Øµ»½Ñ¤ÎȯŸ¤Ëȼ¤Ã¤Æµ¡³£Åª¤Ê²»À¼¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤«¤éÅŵ¤Åª¤Ê²»À¼¹çÀ®µ»½Ñ¤Î³«È¯¤Ë°Ü¹Ô¤·¡¢À¼ÂӤο̤¨¤äµ¤Æ»¡¢¤·¤Ê¤ä¤«¤ÊÀå¤ä¸ý¤Ê¤É¡¢È¯Ïäδﴱ¤ÈȯÏÃ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï²Ê³Ø¤ÎɽÉñÂ椫¤é»Ñ¤ò¾Ã¤¹¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£