DNA¤äRNA¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë³Ë»À±ö´ð5¼ïÎࡢúÁǼÁð¨ÀФ«¤é½é¤á¤ÆƱ»þ¸¡½Ð
¡Ú¢¥ ½é´ü¤ÎÃϵå¤Øð¨ÀФˤè¤Ã¤Æ³Ë»À±ö´ð¤¬¤â¤¿¤é¤µ¤ì¤¿¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¿Þ¡ÊCredit: NASA Goddard/CI Lab/Dan Gallagher¡Ë¡Û
Ë̳¤Æ»Âç³Ø¤ÎÂç¾ì¹¯¹°½Ú¶µ¼ø¤òɮƬ¤È¤¹¤ë¸¦µæ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¡¢Ãϵå¤ËÍî²¼¤·¤¿¡ÖúÁǼÁ¥³¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥È¡×¡Ê͵¡Êª¤ËÉÙ¤àúÁǼÁð¨ÀСˤòʬÀϤ·¤¿·ë²Ì¡¢¥Ç¥ª¥¥·¥ê¥Ü³Ë»À¡ÊDNA¡Ë¤ä¥ê¥Ü³Ë»À¡ÊRNA¡Ë¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë5¼ïÎà¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¤¬¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¤È¤¹¤ë¸¦µæÀ®²Ì¤òȯɽ¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
úÁǼÁ¥³¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥È¤Ë¤ÏÂÀÍ۷Ͻé´ü¤ÎÍͻҤòÅÁ¤¨¤ë¸Å¤¤Êª¼Á¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë¤â5¼ïÎà¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¤Î¤¦¤Á3¼ïÎबð¨ÀФ«¤é¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¤³¤È¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢¸¦µæ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤è¤ì¤Ð¡¢5¼ïÎबƱ»þ¤Ë¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ïº£²ó¤¬À¤³¦½é¤Î¤³¤È¤À¤È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
¢£ð¨ÀФ«¤é5¼ïÎà¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¤òƱ»þ¸¡½Ð¡¢Æó½Å¤é¤»¤ó¹½Â¤¤Ë·ç¤«¤»¤Ê¤¤±ö´ðÂФâ
Ãϵå¤ÎÀ¸Ì¿¤Î°äÅÁ¾ðÊó¤òô¤¦DNA¤äRNA¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì5¼ïÎà¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¡Ö¥¦¥é¥·¥ë¡ÊU¡Ë¡×¡Ö¥·¥È¥·¥ó¡ÊC¡Ë¡×¡Ö¥Á¥ß¥ó¡ÊT¡Ë¡×¡Ö¥¢¥Ç¥Ë¥ó¡ÊA¡Ë¡×¡Ö¥°¥¢¥Ë¥ó¡ÊG¡Ë¡×¤Î¤¦¤Á4¼ïÎà¡Ê¢¨¡Ë¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡Ê³ç¸ÌÆâ¤Ïά¹æ¡Ë¡£
¤³¤Î¤¦¤Á¥¢¥Ç¥Ë¥ó¤È¥Á¥ß¥ó¡ÊDNA¤Î¾ì¹ç¡Ë¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥¦¥é¥·¥ë¡ÊRNA¤Î¾ì¹ç¡Ë¡¢¥·¥È¥·¥ó¤È¥°¥¢¥Ë¥ó¤Ï±ö´ðÂФȸƤФì¤ë¥Ú¥¢¤òÁȤߡ¢±ö´ðÂФ¬Ìµ¿ô¤Ë¤Ä¤Ê¤¬¤ë¤³¤È¤ÇÆÃħŪ¤ÊÆó½Å¤é¤»¤ó¹½Â¤¤¬·ÁÀ®¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£À¸Ì¿¤ò·Áºî¤Ã¤¿¤êµ¡Ç½¤µ¤»¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¾ðÊó¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î±ö´ðÂФÎÏ¢¤Ê¤ê¤È¤·¤ÆµÏ¿¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£
¢¨¡ÄDNA¤Ë¤Ï¥·¥È¥·¥ó¡¦¥Á¥ß¥ó¡¦¥¢¥Ç¥Ë¥ó¡¦¥°¥¢¥Ë¥ó¡¢RNA¤Ë¤Ï¥¦¥é¥·¥ë¡¦¥·¥È¥·¥ó¡¦¥¢¥Ç¥Ë¥ó¡¦¥°¥¢¥Ë¥ó¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë
À¸Ì¿¤Ë·ç¤«¤»¤Ê¤¤¿å¤ä͵¡Êª¤Ï¡¢½é´ü¤ÎÃϵå¤ËÍî²¼¤·¤¿¾®ÏÇÀ±¤ä×ÂÀ±¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ±¿¤Ð¤ì¤¿¤È¹Í¤¨¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£DNA¤äRNA¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤ò¤Ï¤¸¤á¤È¤·¤¿ÍÍ¡¹¤Ê³Ë»À±ö´ð¤â¡¢±§Ãè¶õ´Ö¤Ç·ÁÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿¸å¤ËÃϵå¤Ø¤â¤¿¤é¤µ¤ì¤¿¤È¤¹¤ëÀ⤬Ä󾧤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
¤·¤«¤·¡¢À¸Ì¿¤Ë·ç¤«¤»¤Ê¤¤5¼ïÎà¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢º£¤Þ¤Ç¤Ëð¨ÀФ«¤é¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ï¥¦¥é¥·¥ë¡¦¥¢¥Ç¥Ë¥ó¡¦¥°¥¢¥Ë¥ó¤Î3¼ïÎà¤À¤±¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£¤½¤³¤Ç¸¦µæ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ïº£²ó¡¢3¤Ä¤ÎúÁǼÁ¥³¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥È¡Ê¥Þ¡¼¥Á¥½¥óð¨ÀС¢¥¿¥®¥·¥å¡¦¥ì¥¤¥¯ð¨ÀС¢¥Þ¥ì¡¼ð¨ÀСˤˤĤ¤¤Æ¡¢¤´¤¯¤ï¤º¤«¤Ê³Ë»À±ö´ð¤ò¸¡½Ð¤Ç¤¤ë¿·¤¿¤Ê¼êË¡¡Ê1¥Ô¥³¥°¥é¥à¡á1Ãûʬ¤Î1¥°¥é¥à¥ª¡¼¥À¡¼¡Ë¤òÍѤ¤¤ÆʬÀϤò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£
¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¡¢Ì¤¸¡½Ð¤À¤Ã¤¿¥·¥È¥·¥ó¤È¥Á¥ß¥ó¤ò´Þ¤à¡¢DNA¤äRNA¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë5¼ïÎह¤Ù¤Æ¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¤¬½é¤á¤ÆƱ»þ¤Ë¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢DNA¤äRNA¤ÎÆó½Å¤é¤»¤ó¹½Â¤¤ò·ÁÀ®¤¹¤ë¾å¤Ç·ç¤«¤»¤Ê¤¤±ö´ðÂФ⡢º£²ó½é¤á¤ÆúÁǼÁ¥³¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥È¤«¤é¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¤È¤¤¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
º£²ó¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢3¤Ä¤Îð¨ÀФ¹¤Ù¤Æ¤«¤é³Ë»À±ö´ð¤¬¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡Êð¨ÀÐ1¥°¥é¥à¤¢¤¿¤ê¤ÎÇ»Å٤ϺÇÂç¤Ç72¥Ê¥Î¥°¥é¥à¡á10²¯Ê¬¤Î72¥°¥é¥à¡Ë¡£¤Ê¤«¤Ç¤â1969ǯ¤Ë¥ª¡¼¥¹¥È¥é¥ê¥¢¤ØÍî²¼¤·¤¿¥Þ¡¼¥Á¥½¥óð¨ÀФϳ˻À±ö´ð¤Î¼ïÎà¤ÈÎ̤¬ËÉ٤ǡ¢18¼ïÎà¤Î³Ë»À±ö´ð¡Ê¤¦¤Á10¼ïÎà¤Ï½é¤á¤Æ¡Ë¤¬¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
¸¦µæ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡¢ÃºÁǼÁ¥³¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥È¤Ë¤Ï¿ôËü¡Á¿ô½½Ëü¼ïÎà¤Î¿ÍͤÊ͵¡²½¹çʪ¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¤È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¤½¤Î¤Ê¤«¤Ç¤â³Ë»À±ö´ð¤ÏÀ¸Ì¿¤È¤Î´ØÏ¢À¤¬´üÂÔ¤µ¤ì¤ë²½¹çʪ¤Ç¤¹¡£¸¡½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿³Ë»À±ö´ð¤Î¤¦¤Á¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â¤½¤Î°ìÉô¤Ï¡¢¿åÁÇʬ»Ò¤ä¿Ð¤ò´Þ¤àÀ±´Öʬ»Ò±À¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¸÷²½³ØÈ¿±þ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ÂÀÍ۷Ϥ¬·ÁÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ëÁ°¤ËÀ¸À®¤µ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤«¤È¸¦µæ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
ð¨ÀФ˴ޤޤì¤Æ¤¤¤ë³Ë»À±ö´ð¤Ï¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤ÆÀ¸À®¤µ¤ì¤¿¤Î¤«¡¢½é´ü¤ÎÃϵå¤Ø¤â¤¿¤é¤µ¤ì¤¿¸å¤Ë¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ³Ë»À¤ò·ÁÀ®¤¹¤ëºàÎÁ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤«¡£±§Ã褫¤éÃϵå¤Ø¤â¤¿¤é¤µ¤ì¤¿Íµ¡²½¹çʪ¤ò¤â¤È¤ËÀ¸Ì¿¤¬ÃÂÀ¸¤¹¤ë¤Ë»ê¤Ã¤¿Á´ÍƤβòÌÀ¤Ø¶á¤Å¤¯¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢¸¦µæ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¤µ¤é¤Ê¤ë¸¦µæ¤ÎɬÍ×À¤ò»ØŦ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
´ØÏ¢¡§½àÏÇÀ±¥±¥ì¥¹¤Î¥¦¥ë¥ô¥¡¥é¡¦¥¯¥ì¡¼¥¿¡¼¤Ë¤Ï¡Ö±ö¡×¤È°ì½ï¤Ë¡Ö͵¡Êª¡×¤¬ÂÏÀѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë
Source
Image Credit: NASA Goddard/CI Lab/Dan GallagherË̳¤Æ»Âç³Ø - úÁǼÁð¨ÀФ«¤é°äÅÁ»Ò¤Î¼çÍ׳˻À±ö´ð5¼ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ò¸¡½Ð¡ÁÃϵå¾å¤Ç¤ÎÀ¸Ì¿¤Îµ¯¸»¡¦°äÅÁµ¡Ç½¤ÎÁ°À¸ÊªÅª¤Êȯ¸½¤ËÇ÷¤ë¡ÁNASA - Could the Blueprint for Life Have Been Generated in Asteroids?Oba et al. - Identifying the wide diversity of extraterrestrial purine and pyrimidine nucleobases in carbonaceous meteorites
ʸ¡¿¾¾Â¼Éð¹¨